Adenoma pleomorfo mimetizando lipoma oral / Adenoma pleomórfico que mimetiza el lipoma oral / Pleomorphic adenoma mimicking oral lipoma

Introdução: O adenoma pleomorfo é a neoplasia benigna de glândula salivar mais comum, podendo acometer glândulas salivares maiores e menores. Essa neoplasia ocorre em uma ampla faixa etária, e se caracteriza por uma ampla variabilidade clinico-patológica e por altas taxas de recorrência. Objetivo: Relatar um caso de um adenoma pleomorfo, com enfoque nos aspectos clinico-patológicos, diagnóstico diferencial e manejo clínico. Relato de caso: Paciente do sexo masculino, 72 anos, exibiu lesão nodular, bem delimitada, localizada em fundo de sulco maxilar esquerdo, com tempo de evolução de quatro anos. A biópsia excisional foi realizada, e as hipóteses diagnósticas de hiperplasia linfoide, adenoma pleomorfo e lipoma foram consideradas, sendo esta última reforçada pelo fato de ter flutuado em formol. Sob análise microscópica, observou-se uma proliferação de células epiteliais e mioepiteliais em meio a um estroma variável. Com isso, o diagnóstico histopatológico de adenoma pleomorfo foi emitido. Conclusão: O presente estudo enaltece a importância da realização de análise histopatológica criteriosa para exclusão de outras hipóteses diagnósticas e neoplasias malignas. Dessa forma, a partir da associação dos achados clínicos e microscópicos, é possível obter um diagnóstico correto, guiando, consequentemente, na adoção de uma conduta terapêutica adequada(AU)

Introducción: El adenoma pleomórfico es la neoplasia benigna de glándulas salivales más común, que puede afectar a las glándulas salivales mayores y menores. Esta neoplasia se presenta en un amplio grupo de edad y se caracteriza por una amplia variabilidad clínica y patológica y altas tasas de recurrencia. Objetivo: Describir un caso de adenoma pleomórfico, con énfasis en aspectos clínicos y patológicos, diagnóstico diferencial y manejo clínico. Caso clínico: Paciente masculino, de 72 años, que presentó una lesión nodular bien definida ubicada en la parte inferior del surco maxilar izquierdo, con un tiempo de evolución de cuatro años. Se realizó una biopsia escisional. Se consideraron las hipótesis diagnósticas de hiperplasia linfoide, adenoma pleomórfico y lipoma, con mayor atención este último por el hecho de que flotaba en formaldehído. Bajo análisis microscópico, se observó una proliferación de células epiteliales y mioepiteliales en medio de un estroma variable. Por lo tanto, se emitió el diagnóstico histopatológico de adenoma pleomorfo. Conclusión: El presente estudio destaca la importancia de llevar a cabo un cuidadoso análisis histopatológico para excluir otras hipótesis diagnósticas y neoplasias malignas. Luego, con base en la asociación de hallazgos clínicos y microscópicos, es posible obtener un diagnóstico correcto, imprescindible en la adopción de un enfoque terapéutico apropiado(AU)

Introduction: Pleomorphic adenoma is the most common benign salivary gland neoplasm. It may affect major and minor salivary glands. It presents at a broad age range and is characterized by great clinical and pathological variability and high recurrence rates. Objective: Describe a case of pleomorphic adenoma, with emphasis on clinical and pathological aspects, differential diagnosis and clinical management. Case report: A male 72-year-old patient presents with a well-defined nodular lesion in the lower section of the left maxillary groove with a time of evolution of four years. Excisional biopsy was performed. The diagnostic hypotheses considered were lymphoid hyperplasia, pleomorphic adenoma and lipoma, with greater attention to the latter, due to the fact that it floated in formaldehyde. Microscopic examination revealed proliferation of epithelial and myoepithelial cells amidst a variable stroma. Thus, a histopathological diagnosis of pleomorphic adenoma was issued. Conclusion: The present study highlights the importance of careful histopathological examination to rule out other diagnostic hypotheses and malignant neoplasms. Next, clinical and microscopic findings will lead to an accurate diagnosis indispensable to adopt an appropriate therapeutic approach(AU)

Tumores de glándulas salivales: enfrentamiento diagnóstico inicial / Salivary gland tumors: initial diagnostic confrontation

It is described that salivary gland tumors account for up to 3-6% of head and neck tumors, 80% of these being located in the parotid gland. Broadly speaking, the smaller the gland, the greater the probability of malignancy. The most common clinical manifestation in tumor pathology is the appearance of a painless mass. Indicators of malignancy should be considered: chronic volume increase or rapid growth, facial paralysis, cranial nerve involvement, ulceration, and cervical lymphadenopathy. Ultrasonography should be the first imaging study, however, it provides limited information. MRI is the exam of choice for salivary gland tumors, whereas CT and PET-CT allow the study of local and remote invasion. FNA is controversial, it is not indicated for all patients, in parotid tumors a cytological examination is usually not necessary prior to surgery. Excisional biopsy is not recommended due to the risk of tumor seeding, neural damage, and salivary fistula. The goal of treatment in gland tumors is the removal of the glands, associated with lymph node dissection and adjuvant radiation therapy in indicated cases. The general practitioner must comprehensively address these pathologies to achieve a timely referral to the specialist. (AU)

Perfil epidemiológico de neoplasias epiteliales de glándulas salivales / Epithelial tumors of salivary glands: review of 286 pathology reports

Background:: Epithelial tumors of the salivary glands, including benign tumors and aggressive malignancies with different prognoses, are uncommon. Aim: To describe the frequency and distribution of salivary gland tumors according to age, gender and anatomical location. Material and Methods: Review of pathological reports of salivary gland tumors of a Pathology laboratory at a clinical hospital from 2006 to 2016. Results: Five hundred ninety salivary gland biopsies were reviewed. Of these, 286 (49%) were primary epithelial tumors of the salivary glands. Two hundred thirty (80%) were benign and 56 (20%) were malignant tumors. Regarding location, 274 (96%) were in the major salivary glands, and 12 (4%) in the minor salivary glands. The most common histological types were pleomorphic adenoma for benign tumors in 172 cases, followed by papillary cystadenoma lymphomatosum in 33 cases. Mucoepidermoid carcinoma was the most common malignant tumor in 14 cases. Conclusions: These results are similar to reports from abroad, however more studies are necessary to be able to establish a more representative and updated analysis.

Minor intraoral salivary gland tumors: a clinical-pathological study / Neoplasias intraorais de glândula salivar menor: estudo clínico-patológico

ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate the clinical-pathological profile of patients with minor salivary gland neoplasms. Methods A retrospective study of specific cases diagnosed as benign and malignant tumors of the minor salivary glands was performed. The data were collected from medical records of patients seen at a hospital over a period of 15 years. The sample was made up of 37 cases. For the pathological study, slides containing 5μm thick sections stained with hematoxylin and eosin were used. The data were tabulated using descriptive statistics. Results Malignant neoplasms represented 70.3% of cases. The mucoepidermoid carcinoma was the most common neoplasm (45.9%), followed by pleomorphic adenoma (24.4%). Most patients were female (70.3%), aged between 71 and 80 years. The palate (67.6%) and the retromolar region (10.8%) were the most affected sites. Conclusion Mucoepidermoid carcinoma was the most common tumor in minor salivary glands. These tumors are more common in females aged over 40 years. The palate was the most common affected site.

RESUMO Objetivo Avaliar o perfil clínico-patológico de pacientes com neoplasias de glândula salivar menor. Métodos Foi realizado um estudo retrospectivo de casos específicos diagnosticados como neoplasias benignas ou malignas de glândula salivar menor. Os dados foram coletados dos prontuários dos pacientes atendidos em um hospital no período de 15 anos. A amostra final foi de 37 casos. Para o estudo histopatológico, foram usadas lâminas contendo secções com 5μm de espessura, coradas pela técnica de hematoxilina e eosina. Os dados foram tabulados de forma descritiva. Resultados As neoplasias malignas representaram 70,3% dos casos. O tipo histológico mais prevalente foi o carcinoma mucoepidermoide (45,9%), seguido do adenoma pleomórfico (24,4%). A maioria dos pacientes era do sexo feminino (70,3%), com idade entre 71 e 80 anos. O palato (67,6%) e a região retromolar (10,8%) foram os sítios mais acometidos. Conclusão O carcinoma mucoepidermoide foi o tumor mais comum das glândulas salivares menores. Estes tumores foram mais comuns em mulheres com mais de 40 anos. O palato foi o sítio mais acometido.

Cáncer oromaxilofacial en niños: Parte II tumores odontogénicos y de glándulas salivales malignos / Maxillofacial cancer in children: Part II malignant odontogenic and salivary gland tumors

A nivel mundial, la información acerca de tumores malignos del territorio maxilofacial que afectan a niños es limitada. La mayoría de los resportes consiste principalmente en datos de la población adulta. Las neoplasias malignas originadas del aparato odontogénicos y glándulas salivales son lesiones que con cierta frecuencia pueden afectar a la población infantil. Los tumores odontogénicos malignos son entidades sumamente raras que, correspondiendo a menos del 5 % del total de tumores odontogénicos. Los sarcomas odontogénicos, si bien son poco frecuentes, corresponden a los tumores odontogénicos malignos más comunes en la infancia. Las neoplasias malignas de glándulas salivales corresponden al 35­60 % de los tumores de gándulas salivales en la infancia, siendo el más común de ellos el carcinoma mucoepidermoide. En general, el pronóstico de estas entidades es positivo sobre todo si es acompañado de un diagnóstico oportuno. A pesar de la baja frecuencia que presenta este grupo de patologías, no es menos cierto que es necesario saber con precisión cuales son los tejidos orales desde los cuales se pueden originar neoplasias malignas en los niños y tener una breve referencia diferencial entre ellos.

Globally, information about the maxillofacial malignant tumors affecting children is limited. Most reported data consists mainly of studies in the adult population. Malignant neoplasms arising from odontogenic apparatus and salivary glands are lesions that frequently can affect children. Malignant odontogenic tumors are extremely rare entities, corresponding to less than 5 % of all odontogenic tumors. Odontogenic sarcomas, although they are rare, correspond to the most common malignant odontogenic tumors in childhood. Malignant salivary gland neoplasms correspond to 35­60 % of tumors of salivary glands during childhood and the most common of these is mucoepidermoid carcinoma. In general, the prognosis of these entities is positive especially when there is a timely diagnosis. Despite the low frequency presented by this group of diseases, the fact remains that it is necessary to know precisely what the originating oral tissues are which can cause malignancies in children and have a brief reference differential between them.

Clinicopathological analysis of salivary gland tumors over a 15-year period

Abstract Salivary gland tumors (SGT) are rare neoplasms that generate interest due to their histopathological diversity and clinical behavior. The aims of the present study were to investigate clinicopathological aspects of SGTs diagnosed at a tertiary health center and compare the findings with epidemiological data from different geographic locations. Cases of tumor in the head and neck region at a single health center in the period between 1995 and 2010 were reviewed. Patient gender, age and ethnic group as well as anatomic location, histological type and clinical behavior of the tumor were recorded. Availability of complete information about these aspects was considered the inclusion criteria. Descriptive statistical analysis of the data was performed using the frequencies of categorical variables. Among the 2168 cases of tumors in the head and neck region, 243 (11.20%) cases were diagnosed in the salivary glands, 109 of which met the inclusion criteria: 85 (78%) benign tumors and 24 (22%) malignant tumors. Mean patient age was 46.47 years. The female gender accounted for 56 cases (51.4%) and the male gender accounted for 53 (48.3%). The major salivary glands were affected more (75.2%) than the minor glands. The most frequent benign and malignant SGTs were pleomorphic adenoma (81.2%) and adenoid cystic carcinoma (58.3%), respectively. In conclusion, pleomorphic adenoma and adenoid cystic carcinoma are the most frequent benign and malignant lesions, respectively. Comparing the present data with previous studies on SGTs, one may infer that some demographic characteristics and the predominance of malignant tumors vary in different geographic regions.

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the salivary glands: a retrospective study of 51 cases and review of the literature / Carcinoma mucoepidermoide de glándulas salivales. estudio retrospectivo de 51 casos y revisión de la literatura

The aim of this study is to present the casuistic of mucoepidermoid carcinoma of salivary glands in patients diagnosed at “Dr. Eduardo Cáceres Graziani” National Institute for Neoplastic Diseases, Lima, Perú. From January 2002 to December 2012, 51 cases were diagnosed as mucoepidermoid carcinoma. The number of female patients was higher, with 28 cases (54.9%), and regarding age distribution, 33.3% of the patients were under 30 years old. Pain was one of the main symptoms, and 74.5% of the mucoepidermoid carcinomas were located in the parotid gland. It is concluded that epidemiology regarding age and gender of the 51 cases analyzed was in the same range as other studies, and that most cases were located in major salivary glands, in agreement with reports on other populations. Other characte ristics showed a homogeneous distribution.

El propósito de este estudio es presentar la casuística del carcinoma mucoepidermoide de glándulas salivales de pacientes diagnosticados en el Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas “Dr. Eduardo Cáceres Graziani” Lima, Perú, desde el 2002 hasta el 2012. Realizamos un estudio retrospectivo en el cual fueron incluidos sujetos con diagnóstico primario de carcinoma mucoepidermoide en glándulas salivales. Entre enero de 2002 y diciembre de 2012, se registraron 51 casos. El número de pacientes de sexo femenino fue mayor, con 28 casos (54,9%) y con respecto a la distribución por edades, el 33,3% de los pacientes eran menores de 30 años de edad. El dolor fue uno de los síntomas principales. El 74,5% de los carcinomas mucoepidermoides se localizaron en la glándula parótida. De los hallazgos obtenidos se concluye principalmente que en lo que respecta a la distribución epidemiológica de edad y género de los 51 casos analizados estas variaron en el mismo rango de otros estudios. También se distingue que el mayor número de casos estuvieron localizados en glándulas salivales mayores, dato en concordancia con otras poblaciones reporta das. Las demás características presentaron una distribución homogénea.

Study of Salivary Gland Neoplasms.

Tumors of the salivary glands are uncommon and they present a great variety of histological types with many structural variation. They have a low incidence and their anatomical relationship especially that of the parotid gland to the facial nerve make their management challenging. The present study was carried out to find out the prevalence of salivary gland neoplasms, to see associated conditions like sialadenitis, sialolithiasis coexisting with salivary gland neoplasms and to do cytohistopathological correlation. Total 96 cases were collected of which 66.7% were benign and 33.3% were malignant. In 81 (84.3%) cases tumors occurred in major salivary gland while 15 (15.6%) cases in minor salivary gland. Among major salivary gland, parotid was the commonest site and in minor salivary glands, palate was the commonest site followed by lips. Pleomorphic adenoma was the commonest benign tumor and adenoid cystic carcinoma was the commonest malignant tumor followed by mucoepidermoid tumor. There was one case of synovial sarcoma. Associated pathology like sialadenitis and sialolithiasis were present in 16 benign and 5 malignant tumors. Cytohistocorrelation was seen in 63 out of 64 (98.4%) benign and 16 out of 18 (88.8%) malignant tumors.

Incidencia de los tumores de glándulas salivales: estudio retrospectivo de 78 casos / The incidence of salivary gland tumors: a retrospetive study on 78 cases

Los tumores de glándulas salivales son poco frecuentes y presentan características microscópicas complejas. Estos comprenden menos del 3 por ciento de todas las neoplasias de la región de cabeza y cuello. Se reportan en la literatura distintas incidencias en los tumores de glándulas salivales. El presente estudio fue llevado a cabo en el Servidio de Cirugía Maxilofacial, con conjunto con el Servicio de Anatomía Patológica del Hospital Zonal Mariano y Luciano de la Vega, Moreno, Buenos Aires, Argentina. El objetivo del mismo fue conocer la incidencia de los tumores, distinción por sexo y edad de los pacientes. Se analizaron 78 casos de tumores en glándulas salivales mayores (parótida, submaxilar y sublingual) y glándulas salivales menores. La mayor frecuencia de aparición la encontramos en glándulas salivales menores (46.2) 36 pacientes, seguido por la localización en gla´dnula salival (37, 1) 29 pacientes y luego en glándula submaxilar (16, 7) 13 pacientes. El adenoma pleomorfo fue el tumor más frecuentemente hallado, representando 55.1 por ciento de todos los casos, seguido por el tumor de Whartin, 12,8 por ciento y el carcinoma mucoepidermoide 8,9 por ciento.

Lesiones intraorales de glándulas salivales menores / Intraoral lesions of minor salivary glands: analysis of 59 patients

Background: Most salivary gland lesions are benign. Tumors are uncommon. Pleomorphic adenoma and cystic adenoid carcinoma are the most common benign and malignant lesions. Aim: To assess the incidence management and evolution of intraoral lesions among patients consulting in a head and neck surgical service. Material and Methods: Retrospective review of medical records of patients consulting for intraoral lesions of minor salivary glands between 1975 and 2009 in a head and neck surgical service. Results: Thirty five females and 24 males are reported. Forty eight (81 percent) had benign lesions. Of these, 35 (73 percent). were non neoplastic lesions. Eleven patients had malignant lesions. Of these, four (36 percent) had a mucoepidermoid carcinoma, two (18 percent) had an adenoid-cystic carcinoma, two (18 percent) had an acinous cell carcinoma and one patient each had an undifferentiated carcinoma, an adenocarcinoma and an epidermoid carcinoma. Conclusions: In this series of patients, benign lesions predominated. Benign lesions were excised and the management of malignant lesions depended on the type of tumor.

Introducción: Las lesiones de glándulas salivales menores son en su mayoría benignas. Los tumores son infrecuentes y conforman un grupo heterogéneo, siendo el adenoma pleomorfo la neoplasia benigna más frecuente y el carcinoma adenoideo-quístico el tumor maligno más encontrado. Objetivos: El propósito de este estudio es evaluar la incidencia, manejo y evolución de las lesiones intraorales de glándulas salivales menores en el Servicio de Cirugía de Cabeza y Cuello del Hospital Barros Luco-Trudeau. Material y Método: Se presenta estudio retrospectivo de 59 casos tratados entre 1975 y 2009 en dicho hospital. Resultados: Encontramos 35 mujeres y 24 hombres. En 48 pacientes (81,3 por ciento) se encontró lesiones benignas, de las cuales 35 (73 por ciento) correspondieron a lesiones no neoplásicas y 13 (27 por ciento) a neoplasias. Las neoplasias malignas fueron 11 (18,6 por ciento del total), 4 (36,3 por ciento) con Ca mucoepidermoide, 2 (18 por ciento) con Ca adenoideo-quístico, 2 (18 por ciento) con Ca de células acinosas, 1 (9 por ciento) con Ca indiferenciado, 1 (9 por ciento) con adenocarcinoma y 1 (9 por ciento) con Ca epidermoide. Conclusiones: Las lesiones de glándulas salivales menores en nuestro hospital se caracterizan por ser predominantemente benignas. Se encontró similar frecuencia de tumores benignos y malignos. Predominó el adenoma pleomorfo entre los primeros y el carcinoma mucoepidermoide entre los segundos. Los tumores benignos, luego de su extirpación, se manejaron con cierre del lecho tumoral mediante rotación de colgajos locales de mucosa oral para cobertura y, en algunos casos, cierre por segunda intención. La evolución fue en general excelente. En el caso de los tumores malignos, el manejo dependió de Ia histología.

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the submandibular gland in a 6yr old boy

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma [MEC] of the salivary glands are rarely found in childhood we report the case of a 6-year old boy presenting with 2-month history of submandibular swelling. In oral examination, a non-tender, firm mass was detected in the submandibular region involving the left cheek and left angle of the mandible. It was firm in consistency with obvious areas of multiple nodularity along the inferior border of the mass. Clinically there were no palpable lymph nodes. Radiographs revealed a radiolucent lesion in the left body of the mandible. The tumor showed sheets and nests of predominantly epidermoid cells along with occasional large pale mucous-like cells and frosted-glass appearance infiltrating the fibro-connective tissue. The lesion was diagnosed as mucoepidermoid carcinoma, high grade type

Epidemiological of oral squamous cell carcinoma and salivary gland tumors using international classification of diseases for oncology (a cross-sectional study in Baghdad during the period 1999-2006)

Oral cancer is one of the most debilitating and disfiguring of all malignancies, it is the sixth most frequently occurring cancer, with 274,000 new cases in 2002 worldwide. Two - thirds of them occurring in men. a descriptive cross-sectional study was executed on a sample of 877 of oral squamous cell carcinoma and salivary gland tumors. The data was collected from the medical records of 5 centers in Baghdad [College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, Department of Oral Pathology, Specialized Surgical Teaching Hospital; Teaching Laboratories; Al-Wasity Hospital and the Nuclear Medicine and Radiation Hospital]. The diagnosis of individual tumor was based on the World Health Organization latest version of International Classification of Diseases for Oncology [10[th] revision]. The selected tumors were analyzed according to patient's identifying information [age, gender, occupation, address, cancer family history and smoking habit] and tumor site. A total of 877 cases were analyzed [479 male and 398 female with male to female ratio 1.2:1]. The tongue was the most commonly affected site [27.6%], followed by salivary glands [17.1%] and buccal mucosa of cheek [14.7%], The peak onset of selected tumors seen in age group between 40-64 years old [54.3%]. The male was affected more than female and the tongue was the most commonly affected site

Neoplasias de glândulas salivares menores: estudo retrospectivo de 83 casos / Minor salivary gland neoplasms: retrospective study of 83 cases

Objetivo: Analisar os achados clínicos e histopatológicos de neoplasias de glândulas salivares menores arquivadas no Serviço de Anatomia Patológica da Disciplina de Patologia Oral do Departamento de Odontologia da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte. Métodos: Dados referentes à idade e gênero dos pacientes e localização anatômica das neoplasias de glândulas salivares menores, diagnosticadas no período de janeiro de 1970 a dezembro de 2007, foram obtidos em fichas de requisição de biópsia. Para o estudo histopatológico, cortes histológicos corados em hematoxilina e eosina foram avaliados sob microscopia de luz. Resultados: Foram identificados 83 casos. Destes, 69,9% acometeram o gênero feminino. Pacientes com neoplasias malignas apresentaram maior média de idade (47,6 anos) que pacientes com neoplasias benignas (40,7 anos). Os sítios anatômicos mais acometidos foram: palato (43,4%), mucosa jugal (10,8%), lábio superior (10,8%) e rebordo alveolar (10,8%). Os três tipos histológicos mais frequentes foram: adenoma pleomórfico (38,6%), carcinoma mucoepidermóide (18,1%) e carcinoma adenóide cístico (13,3%). Conclusão: Neoplasias de glândulas salivares menores afetaram com maior frequência o gênero feminino. Pacientes com neoplasias malignas apresentaram maior média de idade ao diagnóstico da condição. O subtipo histológico mais comum foi o adenoma pleomórfico, seguido do carcinoma mucoepidermóide e do carcinoma adenóide cístico. Em conjunto, estas três neoplasias perfizeram 70,0% de todos os tumores diagnosticados.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical and histopathological findings of minor salivary gland neoplasms recorded in the files of the Anatomic Pathology Service of the Discipline of Oral Pathology of the Department of Dentistry of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte. Methods: Data regarding age and gender of the patients and location of the minor salivary gland tumors diagnosed between January 1970 and December 2007 were taken from biopsy request forms. The histopathological study consisted of tissue sections stained with hematoxylin and eosin assessed under a light microscope. Results: Eighty-three cases were identified, of which 69.9% were females. The mean age of patients with malignant neoplasms (47.6 years) was higher than that of patients with benign neoplasms (40.7 years). The most common sites were: palate (43.4%), buccal mucosa (10.8%), upper lip (10.8%) and alveolar ridge (10.8%). The three most common histological types were: pleomorphic adenoma (38.6%), mucoepidermoid carcinoma (18.1%) and adenoid cystic carcinoma (13.3%). Conclusion: Minor salivary gland tumors are more common in females. Patients with malignant neoplasms presented higher mean age at diagnosis. The most common histological type was pleomorphic adenoma, followed by mucoepidermoid carcinoma and adenoid cystic carcinoma. Together, these three neoplasms accounted for 70% of all diagnosed tumors.

Intra-oral minor salivary glands neoplasms; the pattern and management

To determine the relative frequency and distribution of various types of intra-oral minor salivary gland tumours and their treatment modalities. Retrospective descriptive study. Muhimbili National Hospital [MNH], TANZANIA; at the department of Oral Surgery and Oral pathology. From 1993 to 2008. [16 years]. Hospital based data The information was retrieved from files and included; age, gender as well as their location, histological types and treatment modalities. Microscopic slides of all cases were reviewed and where necessary paraffin sections were re-cut and subsequently stained by haematoxylin and eosin. Special stained such as Periodic acid Schiff and/or mucicarmine were also performed in controversial cases. Tumours were classified according to the World Health Organization's Histological Typing of salivary gland tumours. Data were entered in the computer and analysed by SPSS. Statistical analysis was performed by student's t-test, and the difference were considered at 0.05 significance level. A total of 33 cases of intra-oral minor salivary gland tumours were studied. Out of these, 13 cases were benign and 20 were malignant. The male to female ratio for both benign and malignant tumours was 1:1.7. The age range for those with benign tumours was 16-78 years while for malignant ones was 17-76 years. Females were more affected than males in both benign and malignant neoplasms. There was a statistically significant difference in the mean age of occurrence of intra-oral minor salivary gland tumours in female compared to males [P=0.003]. With regard to the location of minor salivary gland tumours, the palate was the most affected site [51.5%]. Pleomorphic adenoma was the most frequent tumour located on the palate [52.9%] Similarly, the majority of malignant tumours were located on the palate [38%] followed by the Cheek [23.8%] and included adenocarcinoma, adenoidcystic carcinoma and mucoepidermoid carcinoma. Most malignant tumours were treated by adjuvant radiation therapy. Pleomorphic adenoma located on the palate was treated by excision with 1cm clinical margins at its periphery and including the overlying epithelium and periosteum. However, pleomorphic adenoma located on other mucosa sites was treated by peripheral excision with 1cm margin. With regard to monomorphic adenoma, conservative surgical excision including a rim or margin of normal uninvolved tissue was done. Palate was the common site for intraoral minor salivary gland tumours and that the percentage of the palatal cases were higher in benign than in malignant tumours. The mean age of occurrence of minor intraoral salivary gland tumours was higher in female patients than that of male patients

Perfil epidemiológico das neoplasias de glândulas salivares diagnosticadas em São Luís-MA / Epidemiologic profile of salivary gland neoplasms diagnosed in São Luís-MA

INTRODUÇÃO E OBJETIVO: As neoplasias de glândulas salivares constituem um grupo de lesões, clínica e morfologicamente diverso, capaz de determinar importantes desafios diagnósticos e terapêuticos. O escopo do trabalho é determinar a frequência relativa e a distribuição das neoplasias de glândulas salivares diagnosticadas no Instituto Maranhense de Oncologia Aldenora Bello (IMOAB). MATERIAL E MÉTODOS: Realizou-se estudo retrospectivo dos casos de neoplasia de glândula salivar diagnosticados no IMOAB, no período de janeiro de 1997 a dezembro de 2007. Dados sobre sexo, idade e localização anatômica foram obtidos em prontuários médicos. Cortes histológicos foram avaliados sob microscopia de luz e os casos foram categorizados segundo a classificação da Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS)(4). Os dados coletados foram analisados por meio de estatística descritiva. RESULTADOS: Foram identificados 232 casos, dos quais 178 eram neoplasias benignas (76,7 por cento) e 54 (23,3 por cento), malignas. Os três tipos histológicos mais frequentes foram: adenoma pleomórfico (59,5 por cento), tumor de Warthin (13,8 por cento) e carcinoma adenoide cístico (6,9 por cento). A maioria dos casos foi diagnosticada em pacientes do sexo feminino, com proporção homem:mulher de 1:1,3. As neoplasias benignas e malignas apresentaram picos de incidência na quarta e sétima décadas de vida, respectivamente. Com relação à localização anatômica, 154 casos (66,4 por cento) afetaram a parótida, 43 (18,5 por cento) acometeram a glândula submandibular e 35 (15,1 por cento) envolveram glândulas salivares menores. CONCLUSÃO: Em conjunto com outros estudos, os resultados da presente pesquisa sugerem discretas variações na frequência relativa e distribuição das neoplasias de glândulas salivares entre as populações do Brasil e de outras regiões do mundo.

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: The salivary gland neoplasms are a clinically and morphologically diverse group of lesions able to determine important diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. The objective of this study is to determine the relative frequency and distribution of salivary gland neoplasms diagnosed at Aldenora Bello Institute of Oncology - Maranhão State (Instituto Maranhense de Oncologia Aldenora Bello [IMOAB]). MATERIAL AND METHODS: It was performed a retrospective analysis of the salivary gland neoplasms diagnosed at IMOAB between January 1997 and December 2007. Data regarding gender, age, and anatomic site were retrieved from medical records. Histological slides were evaluated by light microscopy and cases were categorized according to the World Health Organization classification(4). The collected data were analyzed through descriptive statistics. RESULTS: A total of 232 cases were identified, of which 178 were benign neoplasms (76.7 percent) and 54 (23.3 percent) were malignant. The three most frequent histological types were pleomorphic adenoma (59.5 percent), Warthin's tumor (13.8 percent) and adenoid cystic carcinoma (6.9 percent). Most cases were diagnosed in females, with a male-female ratio of 1:1.3. The benign and malignant neoplasms showed incidence peaks at the 4th and 7th decades of life, respectively. Regarding anatomic site, 154 cases (66.4 percent) affected the parotid gland, 43 (18.5 percent) affected the submandibular gland and 35 (15.1 percent) involved minor salivary glands. CONCLUSION: In association with other studies, the present results suggest slight variations in the relative frequency and distribution of salivary gland neoplasms between Brazilian and worldwide populations.

Descriptive pattern of Benign Salivary Gland Tumours in Jos University Teaching Hospital (JUTH); Jos: A ten-year retrospective study

Salivary gland tumours are common head and neck tumours which account for 2.8 to 10of all head and neck tumours in most African studies and 8.0 to 10.5in most western literature. Benign salivary gland tumours are the commonest form of salivary gland neoplasm; with the ratio of benign to malignant tumours ranging from 1.2:1 to 2:1. Objectives: This study is aimed at describing the histological pattern; age; sex and site distribution of benign salivary gland tumours in Jos University Teaching Hospital from January 1997 to December 2006. Methods: This was a descriptive study of all histotogically confirmed benign salivary gland tumours over a period of ten years. The slides were reported independently by four pathologists. Diagnosis was made and classification done according to the World Health Organization (WHO) classification of salivary gland tumours. Data such as age; sex and site of distribution of these tumours were obtained from the patient's case files. Results: Results show that benign salivary gland tumours had a higher distribution than malignant salivary gland tumours with a ratio of 1.7:1. Of these benign salivary gland tumours; male predominance over females was generally observed. Benign salivary gland tumours occurred more within the age range 4 to 49 years (table 1); with pleomorphic Adenoma accounting for the highest frequency (115) and basal cell adenoma for the lowest frequency (1) [table 2]. Parotid gland was also the commonest site of occurrence of most of these lesions except for basal cell adenoma which was found in the sublingual gland

Intraoral mucoepidermoid carcinoma of salivary glands: lack of association among clinicopathological features and immunoexpression of c-erbB-2 in 29 cases

The association among clinicopathological features and c-erbB-2 oncoprotein expression was evaluated in twenty-nine cases of intra-oral mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC). MEC was prevalent in the female gender (79.3 percent), tumors were more frequent in ages between 21 and 40 years (48.3 percent), and the palate was the most commonly affected site (72.4 percent). Microscopically, 27 cases (93.1 percent) were classified as low grade of malignancy. The c-erbB-2 expression was considered positive in 9 (31 percent) cases and no significant association (p>0.05) was found among protein expression and gender nor between patient age and site or histological grade of the lesion. c-erbB-2 expression in MEC may reflect intrisinc biologic properties of salivary gland neoplasms and may be linked to histogenesis and cellular differentiaton.

Fueron evaluados 29 casos de carcinoma mucoepidermoide intraoral en sus aspectos clínico-patológicos, además de la expresión de la oncoproteina c-erbB-2. El carcinoma mucoepidermoide fue predominante en las mujeres (79,3 por ciento), siendo más frecuente en individuos entre 21 y 40 años de edad (48,3 por ciento). El paladar fue el sitio más comunmente afectado (72,4 por ciento). Microscópicamente, 27 casos (93,1 por ciento) fueron clasificados como de baja malignidad. La expresión del c-erbB-2 se consideró positiva en 9 (31 por ciento) casos y no fue observada ninguna asociación significativa (p>0,05) entre la expresión de la proteína y género, ni entre la edad de los pacientes y el sitio o el grado histológico de la lesión. La expresión de la c-erbB-2 en el carcinoma mucoepidermoide puede mostrar las propiedades biológicas intrísecas de las neoplasias de las glándulas salivales.

Incidencia de tumores benignos y malignos de glándulas salivales mayores en el Hospital Central de San Luis Potosí / The incidence of benign and malignant tumors of major salivary glands at the San Luis Potosi Central Hospital

Objetivo: se presenta una investigación epidemiológica sobre la incidencia de tumores benignos y malignos de glándulas salivales mayores en el Hospital Central de San Luis Potosí del periodo comprendido de 1996 a 2006. Material y metodos: Los datos fueron obtenidos de los reportes histopatológicos y expedientes clínicos. Los diagnósticos se basaron en la clasificación de tumores de glándulas salivales de la OMS. Resultados: Los casos se dividieron en dos grupos: epiteliales y no epiteliales. El grupo I correspondió al 87 por ciento los tumores benignos fueron más frecuentes (56 por ciento). El 54 por ciento de los tumores se presentaron en mujeres. La época de vida predominante fue la 2da década en los tumores benignos y la 6da en los malignos. La localización más común fue la glándula parótida con 88 por ciento de los tumores benignos y 65 por ciento de los malignos. El adenoma pleomorfo fue el tumor más frecuente (51 por ciento) seguido del Ca. mucoepidermoide (17 por ciento). El 88 por ciento de los casos no presentaron complicaciones postoperatorias; la más frecuente fue la lesión del nervio facial (7 por ciento) en los tumores malignos. El grupo II correspondió al 13 por ciento de los casos, predominando en la parótida (56 por ciento) y siendo más frecuente el hemangioma.

Punción aspirativa con aguja fina (PAAF) y estudio histológico de fragmentos titulares en glándulas salivales mayores / Fine needle aspiration biopsy and histologic study of major salivary gland fragments

Objetivo: estudiar la efectividad de los extendidos y fragmentos obtenidos a través de la PAAF en glándulas salivales mayores. Se realizó una revisión de la literatura sobre PAAF y estudio de fragmentos titulares en glándulas salivales. Se punzaron 21 masas en glándulas salivales mayores y los resultados fueron comparados con el estudio anatomopatológico de la pieza quirúrgica en caso de que estuviera indicado. Se realizaron 21 PAAF y se obtuvo 15 extendidos satisfactorios (71 por ciento). El resultado de las PAAF sugirió la presencia de 9 tumores benignos, tres lesiones infecciosas, una lesión linfoproliferativa y 2 metástasis. Fue posible tomar fragmentos con la PAAF en 5 casos y en4 fueron efectivos en el diagnóstico. Se evitó realizar cirugías innecesarias en 4 casos (26 por ciento). El uso combinado de extendidos citológicos y fragmentos obtenidos por PAAF es una alternativa valiosa para el diagnóstico preoperatorio de lesiones que afectan glándulas salivales mayores; de todas maneras hacen falta más estudios sobre el uso combinado de ellos

Tendências de incidência do câncer das vias aéreas e digestivas superiores segundo 18 registros de câncer de base populacional com destaque ao município de São Paulo: 1969 - 1999 / Trends in upper aerodigestive tract cancer based on 18 cancer registries database worldwide: 1969 - 1999

O câncer das vias aéreas e digestivas superiores compreendem um grupo de tumores que se distribuem por diversas regiões anatômicas. Para a maioria das localizações os principais fatores de risco são o tabaco e o álcool. Como os fatores de risco são conhecidos espera-se que as diversas campanhas de prevenção e detecção precoce estivessem propiciando à diminuição da incidência. Objetivos: Estimar em algumas localidades do mundo as tendências da incidência dos tumores de lábio, língua, boca, glândulas salivares, orofaringe, nasofaringe e hipofaringe de 1969 a 1999. Métodos: Analisou-se os coeficientes de incidência de 18 registros de câncer de base populacional que possuíam toda a série histórica publicada no "Cancer Incidence in Five Continents". Utilizando-se modelos de regressão polinomial. Resultados: Houve tendência de aumento, estatisticamente significativo, para o câncer de língua e boca em São Paulo em mulheres e em homens de diversos países europeus e localidades dos EUA. Em contrapartida houve queda em Porto Rico, Mumbai e Cingapura. O câncer de lábio decresceu na maioria das localidades em homens. Entretanto em países do norte da Europa e em Iowa houve aumento em mulheres. O câncer de orofaringe aumentou em homens na Europa e em Iowa e decresceu em Cali, Quebec, e localidades da Ásia.O câncer da hipofaringe apresentou tendência crescente em várias localidades da Europa em homens e queda na Suécia, Inglaterra, Cingapura e Porto Rico. Conclusão os tumores de língua, boca e orofaringe continuam apresentando tendências de crescimento para diversas localidades. Por isso há a necessidade de campanhas propiciando a prevenção e a detecção precoce.